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经过了一年半紧锣密鼓的施工，由英国建筑事务所Studio Andrew Todd所设计的法国首座伊丽莎白一世风格的剧院于2016年5月落成。拥有388个座位的剧场位于法国小城Calais附近的Hardelot庄园内，这里曾经是查尔斯狄更斯的居所，而现在则属于每年都会举行夏季节日，庆祝英法文化交流的Centre Culturel de l’Entente Cordial文化中心所有。

British architects Studio Andrew Todd have completed France’s first permanent Elizabethan theatre. Building started in September 2014 and concluded in May 2016.

The 388-seat auditorium is built in the grounds of the spectacular Chateau d’Hardelot near Calais, once the haunt of Charles Dickens and now home to the Centre Culturel de l’Entente Cordial, which hosts a major annual summer festival celebrating cultural ties with Britain.

▽ 建筑与城堡，building and the chateau

建筑的地面部分以木材和竹子构筑而成，作为法国首座依赖于自然通风的文化建筑，建筑优越的节能特性令人瞩目－其每年所需耗费的能源甚至低于法国人均年耗能。

Built (above ground) amost entirely of wood and bamboo, and naturally ventilated — a first in France for a complex cultural building— it is also revolutionary in its exceptionally low energy consumption, using less power than one average French person per year.

▽ 以竹子和木材构筑而成的建筑，the building is build of wood and bamboo

这座建筑不仅是法国首座伊丽莎白式歌剧院，同时也是法国首座拥有伸出式舞台的剧场。而当位于舞台前端的管弦乐池降下、舞台后侧加上幕布之后，剧院摇身一变，化为一座小小的歌剧院。

This building will not only be France’s first permanent Elizabethan-style theatre, but the only one in the country with a full thrust stage -a form which is widespread in Britain and North America. It will also convert into a small opera house with an orchestra pit and proscenium.

▽ 伸出式舞台的剧场, a theater with a full thrust stage

▽ 上层看台与楼梯，upper floor seatings and the staircase

Studio Andrew Todd的设计不仅打造了一个温馨而奇妙的建筑内部空间，同时建筑也与庄园和绿意葱葱的滨海公园十分相衬。数十根12米高的细长竹竿环绕圆柱形的木质建筑而立，在阳光下微微闪烁着光芒，也带来了变幻无穷的光与影。

Studio Andrew Todd had not only to come up with a warm and magical space, but one that had to work with the chateau and the beautiful coastal parkland in which it is set. Their solution was a pure cylinder of wood surrounded by a shimmering cage of 12-meter bamboo poles.

▽ 细长竹竿环绕圆柱形的木质建筑而立, a shimmering cage of bamboo poles

▽ 在阳光中投下的变换光影，the ever-changing light and shadow

属于当下的环球剧院 A Globe for our times…

“我们希望建筑能与环境产生共鸣，而非成为一个孤立而又引人注目的外来之物。”建筑师Andrew Todd说到，“在室内设计中我们也延续了这个概念，环绕的天窗带来了柔和的自然光线，而微微凸起的顶部如同一个巨大的烟囱，拉动了室内空气的流动。

“It’s designed to vibrate with its natural surroundings rather than be a stand-alone, attention-seeking, alien object,” said Andrew Todd. “And we have carried this through to the interior: the circular wooden auditorium is naturally lit and ventilated, the building’s crown acting as a giant chimney to create a gentle current of air for the audience.”

▽ 建筑空间结构，spatial model

▽ 建筑与环境，building and its surrounding

“正如莎士比亚环球剧院所暗示的那样－一出出戏剧正是一个个小小社会在舞台上的展示，再看看当下我们正面临着的全球性环境危机。这座极其环保，利用可持续材料，仅需少许能源消耗便能正常运行的建筑其实也寄托了我们许多美好的愿望。”

“It is appropriate to consider the original metaphor of Shakeaspeare’s Globe -thought of as a society and a universe in miniature- in the light of our current global environmental crisis: what better than to make a building of healthy, sustainable materials, and needing minimal energy to function?”

▽ 建造过程，construction phase

“云杉木结构板、松木饰面板，这些温暖而永恒的材料让建筑变得抽象，似乎不再专属于某个时间节点，而是适用于过去、现在和未来。从巴厘岛漂洋过海而来的12米竹竿环绕着建筑，成为这种奇妙材料在法国主要建筑上的首次亮相。建筑在提醒我们如今所面对的全球性生态问题，而似乎也在提醒着英国人不应止步于莎士比亚时期。我希望这座建筑既代表着我们对过去的纪念，也预示着我们对未来挑战的欢迎。”

“ 用木材打造建筑减少了近100吨的碳排放量，而相比而言，海运竹子过程中所消耗的200公斤的碳排放量似乎也变得不值一提。”

“The presence of familiar, timeless materials -like the spruce structural panels and larch cladding- gives the building a universal character, relevant today or hundreds of years in the past or the future. The 12 meter-high bamboo stalks surrounding the building – imported specially from Bali – introduce for the first time in France this magical material in a major building. They also serve to remind us that ecology is a global question, and perhaps remind us that Shakespeare’s universality should not comfort us in our local identities: he explored far a eld geographically and opened up new depths to the human psyche. I hope this building is both familar and challenging.”

“From an objective standpoint, making this building of wood has served to capture 100 tonnes of carbon; this easily offsets the 200 kilograms needed to bring the bamboo across the world.”

▽ 材料的预制，pre－fabrication in the factory

而建筑所在的区域也似乎与莎士比亚有着万千联系：42公里外的阿金库尔战役是莎士比亚经典剧作《亨利五世》的发生地；在35公里外的金缕地，亨利八世建立了莎士比亚剧院的建筑原型；而44公里外的Saint Omer图书馆中藏有300年前第一本莎士比亚的对开错本书籍。

The project is surrounded by a curious cluster of Shakespearean associations: the site of the Battle of Azincourt (42 km from site, Agincourt in Shakespeare’s Henry V); the Field of the Cloth of Gold of 1520 -for which Henry VIII built the original proto- Shakespearean theatre (35 km away); and the chance discovery in 2014 of a copy of Shakespeare’s First Folio mis led for over 300 years in the Municipal Library of Saint Omer (44 km).

▽ 建筑模型，model

The Anglo-French design team includes Paris-based LM Ingénieur (structure and M+E), British theatre consultants Charcoalblue (behind the recent construction of the Royal Shakespeare Company’s new home), who are advising on lighting, stage engineering and acoustics and Cost Consultants Bureau Michel Forgue, based near Lyon.

▽ 总平面图，site plan

▽ 一层平面，ground floor

▽ 地下层平面／二层平面／三层平面，underground floor／first floor／second floor

▽ 剖面，section

▽ 气压图与热量图，plenum plan and ventilation study

Elizabethan Theatre, Chateau d’Hardelot
Client: Conseil Départemental du Pas de Calais
Architects:
Studio Andrew Todd
Partner in charge: Andrew Todd Niclas Dünnebacke
Philip Mellor-Ribet
Solveig Rottier
Nadia Raïs
Engineers (structure and natural ventilation): LM Ingénieur, Laurent and Grégoire Mouly Engineers (M+E): Atelux
Theatre Consultants (technical): Charcoalblue
Acoustician: Byron Harrison, Charcoalblue
Fire Engineering and Accessibility Consultant: Cabinet Casso Cost Consultant: Bureau Michel Forgue
Landscape Architect: L + A
CGI: Morph

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