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作为韩国首个新教教堂，Saemoonan教会在光化门的Sinmunno新建了一座教堂，以庆祝其成立132周年。教堂的形状酷似母亲张开的臂膀。在2010年的设计竞赛期间，韩国基督教将功能性作为教堂建设的首要策略，许多大型教堂都在大肆展示各自的存在。然而，Saemoonan教会提出了四个不同的教堂建设主张作为基本准则：1、作为韩国新教母教会的历史属性；2、朝天打开的门的象征意义；3、“将基督视为光”的空间表达；4、呈现水的空间寓意洗礼与和谐。因此，设计围绕“爱上帝”和“爱邻人”为主题，通过空间的使用和象征来表达“爱上帝”，而“爱邻人”则以屹立在城市中心展现出来的建筑外观和布局效果的公共性来体现。

▼屹立在城市中心的教堂以外观和布局效果的公共性来表达爱邻人， the aspects of Loving Neighbors were expressed with the publicness through the external appearance and layout effect of the building that are revealed in the city center

Established as the first Korean protestant church, Saemoonan Church constructed a new church on Sinmunno, Gwanghwamun, celebrating its 132nd anniversary. The shape resembles a mother’s arms stretched out toward the sky. At the time of the design competition in 2010, the Korean Christian community had put functionalism as a top priority strategy for church construction, and many large churches were showing off their existence on a large scale. However, Saemoonan Church proposed four distinct church construction themes as basic guidelines; ① the historicity as the mother church of Korean protestant churches, ② the symbolism of doors open to heaven ③ the spatiality of expressing Christ as light, and ④ presenting a water space as a meaning of baptism and harmony. Hence, we adapted the themes with Loving God and Loving Neighbors and included them in the design. Loving God was mainly portrayed through the use and symbolism of the space, and the aspects of Loving Neighbors were expressed with the publicness through the external appearance and layout effect of the building that are revealed in the city center.

▼教堂背立面，back facade of the church

两千年来，基督教教堂建筑主要以尖顶装饰和哥特意象为原型，而如何摆脱传统，似乎是当代教堂建筑面临的首要问题所在。因此，在Saemoonan教堂的设计中，传统的尖顶被伸向天空的柔软弧面取代，多余的装饰则被转换成简洁抽象的表述。与此对应，设计以柔和的前曲面隐喻上帝之爱和慈悲，而非诉诸于体现教会的权威。此外，扇形平面作为一个全新的神圣空间，取代常见的拥有肃穆氛围的长廊布局，以鼓励信徒之间的动态连接。

▼概念生成，concept analysis

Shedding the decorations of the spire and the gothic image, which have dominated the archetype of Christian church construction for two thousand years, seems to be the main value contemporary church construction has faced. Therefore, in the construction of Saemoonan Church, the conventional spire was replaced by a soft curved effect that is open to the sky, and the excessive ornaments were converted into simple and abstract expressions. In addition, rather than focusing on showing the authority of the church, the love and mercy of God were metaphorically expressed with the curve of the soft front. Furthermore, instead of creating a solemn spatial atmosphere with the common long corridor form, a new periodic worship space was proposed with a fan-shaped chapel plane that encourages the dynamic participation between believers.

▼教堂以柔和的前曲面隐喻上帝的爱和慈悲，the love and mercy of God were metaphorically expressed with the curve of the soft front

▼教堂独一无二的内凹式前庭和曲形拱门，the yard created by the hollow front and bent arch gate, which are church architecture typologies that cannot be found anywhere else in the world

在Saemoonan教堂案中，关爱邻人的公建意图清晰可见，这似乎是21世纪教堂建设必须深思熟虑的任务。换句话说，教会必须存在一种良好的公共性质和空间管理计划，以支持公民的日常生活，而非以象征的形式，或者单纯的具像化作为传教工作的启蒙策略，来进行教堂建筑批量生产。Saemunan-ro的庭院，由内凹式前庭和曲形拱门构成，其建筑类型在世界上任何地方都数一数二。庭院的目的旨在通过向邻人开放，替代只追求虔诚崇拜空间的修道院封闭模式，成为一处真正供公民休憩的实用场所。通往世宗表演艺术中心的大厅是一处连续的交流空间，同时也体现了教堂的包容性质。在这里，小教堂也被作用为一个积极开放的文化空间，它将通过缩小现有的砖砌教堂的规模来重现历史。在首尔，办公大楼四处林立，而Saemoonan教堂通过其开放和宽阔的自由伸展空间，为拥挤的市中心提供了充足的休憩区域，完全不同于周围仅追求商业规模最大化的巨型建筑。这即是当代教堂如何通过开放以表达其对城市及市民的爱。

▼大厅形成连续的交流空间体现了教堂的开放性，the fact that a continuous communication was plotted through the lobby towards the Sejong Center for the Performing Arts also illustrates the openness of the church.

▼小教堂被用作一个积极开放的文化空间，通过缩小现有的砖砌教堂的规模来重现历史，the small chapel will bring back the history by downscaling the existing brick church, will be used as an actively open cultural space

The public construction intention of Loving Neighbors is clearly visible throughout the architecture of Saemoonan Church, and this seems to be an architectural assignment that 21st century churches must deeply consider. In other words, a public nature and a space management program that supports the daily lives and comfort of citizens must exist in the church, rather than mass producing church architectures in a symbolic and reified one-dimensional form as a method of enlightenment for missionary work. The yard of Saemunan-ro created by the hollow front and bent arch gate, which are church architecture typologies that cannot be found anywhere else in the world, is intended to become a practical resting place of citizens by opening the church to neighbors rather than pursuing a reverent worship space with a closed nature like a monastery. The fact that a continuous communication was plotted through the lobby towards the Sejong Center for the Performing Arts also illustrates the openness of the church. Here, the small chapel as well, which will bring back the history by downscaling the existing brick church, will be used as an actively open cultural space. In Seoul’s forest of office buildings, Saemoonan Church provides plentiful rest to the packed city center through its freely unfolding spatial works by opening and emptying, rather than reacting with a commercial philosophy of scale like the buildings of maximum volume in the surrounding. This is how a contemporary church expresses their love of neighbors to the city through publicness.

▼扇形平面作为一个全新的神圣空间布局鼓励信徒之间的动态连接，a new periodic worship space was proposed with a fan-shaped chapel plane that encourages the dynamic participation between believers

▼走廊空间，corridor

透明的玻璃盒子是一个拥有明亮屋顶花园的教育大厅，看起来彷佛将要消失于弧型墙壁之外的天穹下，它不仅在形态学的角度上与柔软的弧形墙面形成和谐的对比，并且从建筑策略上讲也促进了拥挤街道之外的新街道的形成。此外，教育大厅的顶层和十字架的高空空间，作为纪念空间可为每一位公民开放，就像世界上许多教堂经常分享它们的顶层圆顶一样，在这里可以尽情享受美丽的首尔市区全景。

▼十字架空间作为纪念空间可为每一位公民开放，the Cross Tower can become a memorial space open to every citizen

The transparent glass box, intended to seem as if it was disappearing into the sky beyond the curved wall, not only angles for a morphological harmony that is in contrast to the soft curved wall, but is also an architectural strategy that aims for it to protect the future generations from the congested streets and become a bright Education Hall with a rooftop garden. Furthermore, the top floor of the Education Hall building and the high altitude space of the Cross Tower can become a memorial space open to every citizen, just as the many churches of the world often open their top floor dome to their neighbors, since Seoul’s beautiful downtown panorama can be enjoyed to the utmost.

▼从底层看教堂，view from ground to church

▼概念草图，sketch

▼轴测图，exploded axon

▼场地平面，site plan

▼一层平面，ground floor plan

▼三层平面，third floor plan

Location: 97, Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Program: Religious facility
Site area: 4,219.2㎡
Building area: 2,452.9㎡
Gross floor are: 31,909.57㎡
Building scope: B6, 13F
Height: 67. 93m (79.93m including bell tower)
Building to land ratio: 58.14%
Floor area ratio: 379.91%
Completion: 2019
Principal architect: Dongkyu Choi (SEOINN DESIGN GROUP), Eunseok Lee (Kyunghee Univ.)
Construction: CJ Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.
Supervisor: HanmiGlobal Co., LTD.
Structural engineer: The Naeun Structural Engineering Co., ltd.
Mechanical engineer: Mac&MEC
Electrical engineer: Daekyung Electric
Photographer: Juneyoung Lim

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Saemoonan Church by Choi Dongkyu (Seoinn Design Group) + Lee Eunseok